THREE PHASE OF WRITING THE QUR'AN & ITS COLLECTION
The first phase, this took place during the time of the Prophet ﷺ when memorization was more reliable than writing because of the sharp memory, the speed of people memorizing it in addition to the lack of writers and writing tools. Therefore the Qur'an has not been collected in one Mushaf.
Anyone who hears a verse immediately memorizes it or writes it on the palm fronds, animal skins, stones or other media.
The qurro '(scholars and memorizers of the Qur'an) in this phase are very numerous. Al-Bukhori records from Anas bin Malik that the Prophet ﷺ sent 70 qurro 'to a people and they were blocked by Hayyan from Bani Sulaim, Ri'il and Dzakwan this story is very ma'ruf.
Including the qurro 'among the companions such as Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq, Umar bin Al-Khotthob, Uthman bin Affan, Ali bin Abi Tholib, Abdullah bin Mas'ud, Salim maula Abi Hudzaifah, Ubay bin Ka'ab, Mu'adz bin Jabal, Zaid bin Tsabit, Abud Darda 'rodhiyallahu' anhum.
The second phase, at the time of the caliphate of Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq was exactly the 12th year of Hijri. Due to the many qurro 'who were killed in the battle of Yamamah including Salim maula Abi Hudzaifah, Abu Bakr ordered to collect the Qur'an to be preserved.
Abu Bakr appointed Zaid bin Tsabit, the writer of revelation in the time of Rasulullah, to collect it from human memorization and their writings so that the Qur'an was successfully compiled into one whole mushaf until later Abu Bakr died, then the mushaf was handed over to Umar bin Al-Khotthob, then handed over to his daughter Hafshoh one of the wives of the Prophet ﷺ.
It should be noted that the Muslims all agreed on the ijtihad of Abu Bakr and counted it as his great service. Ali bin Abi Tholib even said, "The person whose greatest reward in collecting the Qur'an is Abu Bakr may Allah bless him."
The third phase, at the time of the caliphate of Uthman bin Affan was exactly the 25th year of Hijri. Due to the conflict of reading dialects among humans. So to resolve the dispute, Uthman combined all the readings into one dialect, namely the dialect of the Quroisy people as the dialect of the Prophet ﷺ and his bookkeeping followed the Quroisy dialect so that it was known as the Ottoman mushaf.
In this phase, Uthman formed a team of researchers from the experts, namely Zaid bin Tsabit was appointed again, Abdullah bin Az-Zubair, Sa'id bin Al-Ash, Abdurrohman bin Al-Harits bin Hisham so that it became an official mushaf and distributed as it reached the hands we are now. And Uthman's decision was agreed upon by the Muslims. (Faidah Ushul Fit Tafsir p. 19-22 Shaykh Al-'Allamah Al-Uthaymeen)
From these three phases we know that the writing of the verse took place during the time of Rasulullah ﷺ. Then it became a mushaf in the time of Abu Bakr so that the revelation was preserved in its entirety. Then at the time of Uthman determined the dialect of his recitation in one mushaf to resolve the dispute.
In conclusion, the writing and bookkeeping of the Qur'an is not a matter of heresy because Rasulullah Ros has ordered the Muslims to follow his sunnah (instructions) and the sunnah of the Khulafaur Rosyidin in addition to the agreement of the companions (ijma ') belong as an argument .
The first phase, this took place during the time of the Prophet ﷺ when memorization was more reliable than writing because of the sharp memory, the speed of people memorizing it in addition to the lack of writers and writing tools. Therefore the Qur'an has not been collected in one Mushaf.
Anyone who hears a verse immediately memorizes it or writes it on the palm fronds, animal skins, stones or other media.
The qurro '(scholars and memorizers of the Qur'an) in this phase are very numerous. Al-Bukhori records from Anas bin Malik that the Prophet ﷺ sent 70 qurro 'to a people and they were blocked by Hayyan from Bani Sulaim, Ri'il and Dzakwan this story is very ma'ruf.
Including the qurro 'among the companions such as Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq, Umar bin Al-Khotthob, Uthman bin Affan, Ali bin Abi Tholib, Abdullah bin Mas'ud, Salim maula Abi Hudzaifah, Ubay bin Ka'ab, Mu'adz bin Jabal, Zaid bin Tsabit, Abud Darda 'rodhiyallahu' anhum.
The second phase, at the time of the caliphate of Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq was exactly the 12th year of Hijri. Due to the many qurro 'who were killed in the battle of Yamamah including Salim maula Abi Hudzaifah, Abu Bakr ordered to collect the Qur'an to be preserved.
Abu Bakr appointed Zaid bin Tsabit, the writer of revelation in the time of Rasulullah, to collect it from human memorization and their writings so that the Qur'an was successfully compiled into one whole mushaf until later Abu Bakr died, then the mushaf was handed over to Umar bin Al-Khotthob, then handed over to his daughter Hafshoh one of the wives of the Prophet ﷺ.
It should be noted that the Muslims all agreed on the ijtihad of Abu Bakr and counted it as his great service. Ali bin Abi Tholib even said, "The person whose greatest reward in collecting the Qur'an is Abu Bakr may Allah bless him."
The third phase, at the time of the caliphate of Uthman bin Affan was exactly the 25th year of Hijri. Due to the conflict of reading dialects among humans. So to resolve the dispute, Uthman combined all the readings into one dialect, namely the dialect of the Quroisy people as the dialect of the Prophet ﷺ and his bookkeeping followed the Quroisy dialect so that it was known as the Ottoman mushaf.
In this phase, Uthman formed a team of researchers from the experts, namely Zaid bin Tsabit was appointed again, Abdullah bin Az-Zubair, Sa'id bin Al-Ash, Abdurrohman bin Al-Harits bin Hisham so that it became an official mushaf and distributed as it reached the hands we are now. And Uthman's decision was agreed upon by the Muslims. (Faidah Ushul Fit Tafsir p. 19-22 Shaykh Al-'Allamah Al-Uthaymeen)
From these three phases we know that the writing of the verse took place during the time of Rasulullah ﷺ. Then it became a mushaf in the time of Abu Bakr so that the revelation was preserved in its entirety. Then at the time of Uthman determined the dialect of his recitation in one mushaf to resolve the dispute.
In conclusion, the writing and bookkeeping of the Qur'an is not a matter of heresy because Rasulullah Ros has ordered the Muslims to follow his sunnah (instructions) and the sunnah of the Khulafaur Rosyidin in addition to the agreement of the companions (ijma ') belong as an argument .
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